護理師準備靜脈給予氯化鉀（KCl）。下列哪些安全措施是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which of the following safety measures are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AEnsure the medication is diluted according to facility protocol✓ 正解確保藥物依機構規定稀釋
- BAdminister via a peripheral IV line only僅經周邊靜脈導管給予
- CUse an infusion pump for accurate rate control✓ 正解使用輸液幫浦以精確控制速率
- DMonitor for phlebitis at the injection site✓ 正解監測注射部位是否有靜脈炎
- ECheck the client's serum creatinine level before administration✓ 正解給藥前檢查病人的血清肌酸酐值
氯化鉀具有高度腐蝕性與心臟毒性，給藥時必須嚴格稀釋並透過輸液幫浦控制流速，嚴禁靜脈推注（IV push）。此外，由於鉀離子經腎臟代謝，給藥前須確認腎功能，並監測給藥部位有無靜脈炎。B 選項錯誤：若需高濃度或大量補鉀，通常需經中心靜脈導管（CVC）。
Potassium chloride is highly corrosive and cardiotoxic; when administered, it must be strictly diluted and rate-controlled with an infusion pump. IV push is absolutely prohibited. In addition, because potassium is metabolized via the kidneys, renal function must be confirmed before administration, and the administration site must be monitored for phlebitis. Option B is incorrect: a central venous catheter (CVC) is typically required only when high concentrations or large amounts of potassium are needed.
台美兩地皆嚴格執行 KCl 不能推注（push）之規定；美國醫院通常有極為嚴謹的輸注濃度限制 protocol。