— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照顧一位困難梭狀桿菌(C. difficile)的病人。哪項預防措施最優先?
A nurse is providing care for a patient with C. difficile. Which precautions are priority?
- ADroplet precautions飛沫隔離
- BContact precautions using soap and water✓ 正解使用肥皂和清水的接觸隔離
- CStandard precautions using alcohol-based hand rub使用酒精性搓手液的標準隔離
- DAirborne precautions with an N95 mask佩戴 N95 口罩的空氣隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
困難梭狀桿菌(C. difficile)會產生具高度抵抗力的芽孢(spores),酒精性乾洗手無法破壞這些芽孢,甚至可能將其散佈。因此,針對此類感染,必須嚴格執行「接觸性防護」(Contact precautions),且手部衛生必須使用肥皂與清水(Soap and water)進行物理性沖洗,以確保清除芽孢。
Clostridioides difficile produces highly resistant spores; alcohol-based hand rubs cannot destroy these spores and may even spread them. Therefore, strict contact precautions must be implemented for this infection, and hand hygiene must be performed with soap and running water for mechanical removal of spores.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院常規護理中,對於 C. diff 的接觸性防護觀念與美國一致,強調手部衛生使用肥皂與水。但美國醫院會更嚴格執行專用器材(dedicated equipment)的單獨使用,且隔離病房門口會有明確的 Contact Precaution 標示。