— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護一位嗜中性白血球減少症的病人，哪些預防感染的指導是必要的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which instructions are essential for infection prevention? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform frequent hand hygiene✓ 正解頻繁進行手部衛生
- BAvoid eating fresh fruits and vegetables✓ 正解避免食用新鮮蔬果
- CWear a mask when leaving the room✓ 正解離開房間時佩戴口罩
- DRequest fresh flowers in the room to improve mood要求房間內放置鮮花以改善情緒
- EMonitor temperature daily✓ 正解每日監測體溫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少（Neutropenia）病人免疫力極低。預防感染措施包括：嚴格手部衛生、採取低微生物飲食（避免生食）、外出戴口罩、每日監測體溫（即使輕微發燒都可能是敗血症徵兆）。鮮花（D）土壤含有黴菌，極易導致感染，因此在保護性隔離病房中是被禁止的。
Neutropenic patients have severely reduced immune function. Infection-prevention measures include strict hand hygiene, a low-microbial diet (avoiding raw foods), wearing a mask when going out, and daily temperature monitoring (even a low-grade fever may be a sign of sepsis). Fresh flowers (D) carry fungi in their soil that can easily cause infection and are therefore prohibited in a protective isolation room.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院對保護性隔離的執行較嚴格，常要求禁止陪病者進入；美國則視病人狀況彈性調整。