— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位低血鈣病人應預期出現哪些評估發現？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings are expected in a client with hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply.)
- APositive Chvostek's sign✓ 正解Chvostek 徵象陽性
- BPositive Trousseau's sign✓ 正解Trousseau 徵象陽性
- CMuscle cramps and tremors✓ 正解肌肉痙攣與顫抖
- DConstipation便秘
- EHyperactive bowel sounds✓ 正解腸鳴音亢進
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血鈣會增加神經肌肉的興奮性，導致 Chvostek 徵象（輕敲臉部神經導致面部抽搐）與 Trousseau 徵象（壓迫上臂導致手部痙攣）呈陽性。此外，病人常有肌肉痙攣、抽搐及腸蠕動亢進（腹瀉）等表現。便秘則是高血鈣的特徵。
Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to positive Chvostek's sign (facial twitching on tapping the facial nerve) and positive Trousseau's sign (carpal spasm with upper-arm compression). In addition, patients often experience muscle cramps, twitching, and increased bowel motility (diarrhea). Constipation is a characteristic of hypercalcemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地護理師對 Chvostek 與 Trousseau 徵象的評估能力要求一致，特別是甲狀腺手術後的病人。