— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl）。下列哪項安全措施是優先事項？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which of the following safety measures is the priority?
- AVerify the concentration and infusion rate✓ 正解確認濃度與輸注速率
- BAdminister the medication via a central venous line經中心靜脈導管給藥
- CEnsure the IV site is patent and without infiltration確保靜脈通路暢通且無滲出
- DCheck the client's latest serum potassium level檢查病人最新的血清鉀濃度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀屬於高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medication），錯誤的濃度或過快的輸注速率會導致心律不整甚至心跳停止。儘管檢查血鉀濃度同樣重要，但在執行給藥動作前，確認藥物劑量與流速是避免立即性醫療傷害的最關鍵步驟。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication where rapid infusion can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias; therefore, verifying the correct concentration and strict infusion rate is the priority safety measure. While checking serum levels and IV site patency are important, controlling the administration rate directly prevents immediate life-threatening complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆將鉀離子列為高警訊藥物，台灣醫院多規定 KCl 必須以輸注幫浦（Pump）給藥，不可採重力滴注。