護理師正在照護一位患有創傷後壓力症候群 (PTSD) 的病人。病人正經歷閃回 (flashbacks)，下列何種介入措施最適合幫助病人在當下應對？
A nurse is caring for a client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The client is experiencing flashbacks. Which intervention is most appropriate to help the client cope in the moment?
- AHelp the client focus on grounding techniques.✓ 正解協助個案專注於接地技巧
- BEncourage the client to suppress the memories.鼓勵個案壓抑這些記憶
- CAdminister a PRN sedative medication immediately.立即給予處方備用鎮靜藥物
- DAsk the client to describe the traumatic event in detail.請個案詳細描述創傷事件
閃回是 PTSD 的核心症狀，讓病人感到再次經歷創傷。此時，協助病人運用「接地技巧」(grounding techniques)，將注意力拉回當下現實，是處理的關鍵。例如，觸摸物品、專注於呼吸、辨識周遭環境。A 句適得其反，D 句會加劇創傷反應，C 句可能過度依賴藥物，且非首選。
For a client experiencing flashbacks, the most appropriate immediate intervention is to help them use grounding techniques to reconnect with the present reality and reduce distress. Suppressing memories can intensify trauma, describing the event may cause re-traumatization, and while sedation might be considered, non-pharmacological grounding is the preferred initial approach.
美台護理師在處理 PTSD 的閃回時，皆會教導病人接地技巧。美國可能更側重於創傷知情照護 (trauma-informed care) 的訓練，強調理解創傷的影響。