護理師照顧一位手術部位有引流管的病人，哪項措施對預防感染至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with a drainage tube from a surgical site. Which intervention is crucial for preventing infection?
- AMonitoring the color and amount of drainage.監測引流液的顏色和量
- BKeeping the drainage system closed.✓ 正解維持引流系統的密閉性
- CUsing sterile technique when emptying the drainage bag.排空引流袋時使用無菌技術
- DEmptying the drainage bag every 8 hours.每8小時排空一次引流袋
引流管是外在環境通往身體深層組織的直接通道。維持引流系統的密閉性（Closed system）是預防醫療照護相關感染（HAIs）的核心原則。當系統保持封閉時，能有效阻斷病原體透過管路逆行進入傷口。任何開放系統的操作均會顯著增加逆行性感染的風險，因此在護理過程中，應儘量減少管路斷開的次數，並確保各連接處牢固。
Maintaining a closed drainage system is the primary intervention for preventing healthcare-associated infections by blocking pathogen entry. Any break in the closed system significantly increases the risk of retrograde infection, so connections must remain secure. While monitoring drainage and using sterile technique during emptying are important, preserving system integrity is the core preventive strategy.
台美臨床對於引流管路維護原則一致，均強調維持密閉系統（Closed system）及無菌排空技術。在美國臨床，通常會嚴格執行管路接頭的消毒（Scrub the hub）動作。