護理師照護一位簽有「拒絕心肺復甦術（DNR）」指令的病人，下列哪項護理作為顯示對該指令有正確理解？
A nurse is caring for a client with a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates an understanding of the order?
- AWithholding all medications and fluids停止所有藥物與輸液
- BAvoiding all nursing interventions except vital signs除生命徵象外，避免所有護理介入
- CRemoving the DNR order if the client is transferred to the ICU若病人轉入加護病房則撤除 DNR 醫囑
- DProviding comfort measures such as pain management✓ 正解提供舒適措施，例如疼痛控制
DNR (Do-Not-Resuscitate) 指令僅針對心肺停止時的復甦措施（如 CPR、插管、除顫）。它不代表放棄所有治療，病人在生命末期仍應接受緩和照護，包括止痛、給氧、給予點滴補充水分或必要藥物，以維持病人的生理舒適與尊嚴。護理師必須區分「搶救生命」與「緩解痛苦」的差異，確保病人在生命末期仍得到人性化照護。
A do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order specifically prohibits cardiopulmonary resuscitation and intubation upon cardiac arrest but does not mean withholding all medical care. The nurse must continue to provide comfort measures, including pain management, oxygen, and hydration, to ensure the client's dignity and physiological well-being during the end-of-life process.
在美國，DNR 指令通常與預立醫療決定（Advance Directive）密切相關，且具法律效力。護理師需確保 DNR 醫囑在轉科或轉院時隨病歷轉移，並確認其有效性。