— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人服用萬古黴素 1g 每 12 小時一次。護理師發現輸液開始後不久病人出現臉部潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。優先行動為何？
A client is prescribed vancomycin 1g IV every 12 hours. The nurse notes the client developed flushing, pruritus, and hypotension shortly after the infusion started. What is the priority action?
- AAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- BStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸液
- CDocument the findings and continue記錄發現並繼續
- DIncrease the infusion rate加快輸液速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注過快會導致組織胺（Histamine）非免疫性釋放，引發「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），表現為臉部、頸部、軀幹潮紅、搔癢及低血壓。這是用藥安全中常見的急症，首要處置是立即中斷輸液，以停止組織胺的持續釋放，待症狀緩解後，通常會根據醫師指示以更慢的速率重新輸注。
The priority action is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further histamine release causing Red Man Syndrome. This reaction involves flushing, pruritus, and hypotension due to rapid administration. Symptoms typically resolve after stopping the drug, allowing for slower re-infusion if ordered.