— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人因宗教信仰拒絕輸血，護理師應採取哪項最適當的行動？
A nurse is caring for a client who refuses a blood transfusion due to religious beliefs. Which action is most appropriate?
- AContact the client's family to seek permission for the transfusion聯繫病人家屬以尋求輸血許可
- BRespect the client's autonomy and document the refusal✓ 正解尊重病人的自主權並記錄其拒絕之意願
- CTry to convince the client of the life-saving benefits試圖說服病人了解輸血挽救生命的好處
- DCall the hospital ethics committee immediately立即呼叫醫院倫理委員會
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
尊重病人自主權（Autonomy）是護理倫理的基石。在病人具備決定能力的情況下，必須尊重其基於宗教信仰所做的醫療選擇。護理師的工作是提供充分的相關資訊，而非勸說或脅迫。若病人堅持，應記錄拒絕事實並由醫師進行後續法律程序或尋找替代方案。
Respecting patient autonomy is a fundamental ethical duty, particularly when a competent adult refuses treatment based on religious beliefs. The nurse must honor the client's decision without coercion or attempts to persuade them, documenting the refusal appropriately. Family members cannot override the client's explicit wishes, and immediate ethics committee involvement is unnecessary for straightforward refusals.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美兩地對自主權原則一致，但台灣臨床實務上醫病溝通較多依賴家屬參與決策，美國較強調病人個別意願。