— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些措施能確保藥物給予的安全性？（選所有適合的）
Which actions by the nurse ensure safe medication administration? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck the client's identification using at least two identifiers✓ 正解使用至少兩項識別資訊確認病人身分
- BVerify the medication order against the Medication Administration Record (MAR)✓ 正解將藥物醫囑與給藥紀錄（MAR）核對
- CAllow the client to take the medication without observation if they are alert若病人意識清醒則允許其自行服藥而不需觀察
- DPerform the three checks of medication administration✓ 正解執行藥物給藥的三讀核對
- EClarify any illegible or incomplete medication orders with the provider✓ 正解與醫師澄清任何潦草或不完整的藥物醫囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
給藥安全是 NCLEX 的核心考點，旨在預防給藥錯誤（Medication Errors）。護理師必須落實「三讀五對」原則，並確保給藥流程的完整性。正確的給藥步驟包括雙重身分核對、精確核對醫囑與給藥紀錄（MAR）、執行給藥前三讀，並在醫囑不明確時主動與醫師釐清。安全性原則強調護理師必須在旁觀察病人服藥，以確保藥物確實進入體內，而非僅將藥物交給病人。
Safe medication administration requires verifying the client’s identity using two identifiers, comparing the order against the Medication Administration Record, and performing the three checks throughout the process. Nurses must clarify any illegible orders with the provider and observe the client swallowing the medication to ensure safety and adherence to protocol.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院全面推行條碼給藥系統（BCMA），護理師給藥前必須掃描病人腕帶與藥物條碼，這已成為確認身分的黃金標準，遠比傳統人工核對更為精確。