— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師正在準備無菌區域進行換藥，下列哪些行為會導致無菌區域污染？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing a sterile field for a dressing change. Which action contaminates the sterile field? (Select all that apply.)
- AReaching over the center of the sterile field✓ 正解越過無菌區中心
- BHolding sterile items above waist level將無菌物品保持在腰部以上
- CTurning your back on the sterile field✓ 正解背對無菌區
- DAdding a sterile item by dropping it from 6 inches above從 6 英吋上方掉落無菌物品
- ETouching the edge of the sterile drape✓ 正解觸碰無菌單邊緣
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
無菌技術的核心在於維持區域的視野與隔離。跨越無菌區會掉落皮屑或細菌；背對無菌區會失去觀察，視為污染；邊緣（約 2.5 公分範圍）被視為污染區。腰部以上維持無菌是正確規範，從高處落下物品只要不觸碰邊緣皆符合無菌操作。
Reaching over the sterile field risks dropping contaminants such as skin cells or bacteria onto the area. Turning your back prevents the nurse from monitoring the field for potential contamination. Additionally, the outer 1-inch border of a sterile drape is considered unsterile and touching it contaminates the field.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆嚴格訓練無菌技術，美國護理教育更強調「無菌區的觀察者」角色，台灣臨床更側重於護理人員自身的熟練度。