護理師準備靜脈給予氯化鉀。為預防致命併發症，護理師應優先評估下列哪些項目？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which assessment findings should the nurse prioritize to prevent life-threatening complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AUrine output of 20 mL/hour over the last 2 hours✓ 正解過去2小時尿量為20 mL/小時
- BSerum creatinine level of 0.8 mg/dL血清肌酸酐濃度為0.8 mg/dL
- CPresence of a palpable peripheral pulse可觸摸到之外周脈搏
- DCardiac rhythm on the bedside monitor✓ 正解床邊監視器之心臟節律
- EIV site for signs of phlebitis or infiltration✓ 正解靜脈穿刺處之靜脈炎或滲漏跡象
給予氯化鉀前，必須確認腎功能（尿量）是否足以排鉀，避免高血鉀導致心律不整。氯化鉀具刺激性，易引發靜脈炎或組織壞死，故需檢查 IV 部位。心電圖監測能即時發現鉀離子濃度異常引起的心臟變化。B 項 creatinine 數值正常，非給藥禁忌。
Prior to administering IV potassium chloride, the nurse must verify adequate urine output to prevent hyperkalemia, as the kidneys are responsible for excreting excess potassium. Continuous cardiac monitoring is essential because potassium imbalances significantly affect cardiac conduction and rhythm. Additionally, the IV site must be assessed regularly since potassium is a vesicant that can cause severe tissue necrosis if it infiltrates.
美國護理師常需透過 Smart Pump 監控高濃度電解質流速；台灣在基層單位給予氯化鉀時，通常採取更保守的稀釋濃度與速度。