護理師照護一位甲狀腺切除術後 6 小時的病人,發現病人出現喉鳴音並頻繁吞嚥。護理師應採取的最優先措施為何?
A nurse is caring for a client who is 6 hours post-thyroidectomy. The nurse notes the client has developed laryngeal stridor and frequent swallowing. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AAdminister a calcium gluconate bolus給予葡萄糖酸鈉推注
- BCheck the surgical dressing for active bleeding檢查手術敷料是否有活動性出血
- CAdminister an IV analgesic for pain給予靜脈止痛藥以緩解疼痛
- DPrepare for immediate tracheostomy or airway management✓ 正解準備立即氣管造廔術或氣道管理
甲狀腺切除術後出現喉鳴音是呼吸道阻塞的危急警訊。頻繁吞嚥通常暗示頸部手術區域有隱性出血,血液積聚壓迫氣管導致氣道狹窄。面對這種情況,護理師的首要考量是維持呼吸道通暢(Airway)。喉鳴音顯示氣道空間已嚴重受限,必須立即準備插管用物或進行氣管切開術以挽救呼吸。等待醫師評估或嘗試緩解症狀都可能讓病人在幾分鐘內窒息。此題強調術後併發症的極速識別,並要求護理師具備在危急情況下預備生命支持器材的決策能力,這是術後護理中最致命的狀況之一。
Laryngeal stridor and frequent swallowing after thyroidectomy indicate a potential airway emergency caused by hematoma compression or laryngeal edema. The nurse's priority is to maintain a patent airway by preparing for immediate intubation or tracheotomy. Delaying intervention to check the dressing or administer other medications risks fatal asphyxiation.
美國醫院針對術後病人通常設有緊急插管車與呼吸治療師 24 小時駐點,護理師在發現喉鳴音時會立即呼叫 Rapid Response Team;台灣護理作業較依賴通知外科醫師到場,若醫師未及時趕到,護理師的自主應變權限(如緊急插管準備)在各醫院政策上有顯著差異。