— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師教導病人服用口服鐵劑，應包含哪些指導？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is educating a client about taking oral iron supplements. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- ATake the iron with orange juice✓ 正解以柳橙汁送服鐵劑
- BExpect stools to be black or dark green✓ 正解預期糞便會變黑或呈深綠色
- CIncrease fiber intake to prevent constipation✓ 正解增加纖維攝取量以預防便秘
- DTake iron with milk to reduce stomach upset與牛奶同服鐵劑以減少胃部不適
- ERinse mouth after liquid iron preparations✓ 正解服用液態鐵劑後漱口
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鐵劑吸收需酸性環境，搭配維生素 C（如柳橙汁）可增加吸收率。常見副作用包括便秘與糞便顏色改變（變黑或綠），需衛教增加纖維量以預防便秘。液態鐵劑會染色牙齒，需用吸管並漱口。牛奶含有鈣質，會抑制鐵質吸收，故不建議同時服用。
Vitamin C enhances iron absorption, so clients should take supplements with orange juice rather than milk, which inhibits absorption due to calcium. Common side effects include constipation, which can be managed by increasing fiber intake, and dark or black stools, which are harmless. Liquid iron preparations should be rinsed from the mouth to prevent tooth staining.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆建議搭配維生素 C。美國護理師常強調使用吸管，台灣則因較少使用液態鐵劑，衛教多著重在與制酸劑、鈣片的錯開時間。