— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl），確保病人安全的首要步驟為何？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride IV. Which of the following actions is the highest priority to ensure client safety?
- AMonitor for cardiac rhythm changes during infusion輸注期間監測心律變化
- BVerify the concentration and rate of infusion✓ 正解確認輸注濃度與速率
- CAssess the client's current potassium laboratory value評估病人目前的血鉀檢驗值
- DEnsure the client has a patent peripheral IV site確保病人周邊靜脈通路暢通
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
KCl 是高危險藥物（High-alert medication），最常見的致命錯誤為給藥速度過快導致心律不整。因此在給藥前，確認濃度（不可推注）與輸注速率為最高優先級別，防止藥物過量或濃度過高造成心臟停搏。
Cool, pale toes indicate compromised circulation and potential neurovascular impairment, which may signal compartment syndrome requiring immediate intervention. Other findings such as itching, mild swelling, or preserved toe movement are common or non-emergent in clients with casts.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理規範嚴格禁止推注（push）KCl，台灣亦同，但針對高濃度鉀離子液體，美國護理師常需雙重簽核。