腫瘤護理師評估一採取 MRSA 接觸隔離的病患。哪項員工行為需要立刻介入？
An oncology nurse evaluates a client taking strict contact precautions for MRSA. Which staff action requires immediate intervention?
- AThe worker drops the meal tray outside the isolation room.工作人員將餐盤掉落在隔離室外的地板上
- BThe worker carries the contaminated reusable tray out unprotected to the washing station.✓ 正解工作人員未採取防護措施，攜帶受污染的可重複使用餐盤走出隔離室至清洗站
- CThe worker uses the intercom to confirm the meal choice.工作人員使用對講機確認餐點選擇
- DThe worker applies a gown and gloves before entering.工作人員在進入隔離室前穿上隔離衣並戴上手套
這道題目旨在評估護理師對感染控制，特別是接觸隔離措施的理解與執行。MRSA（Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus，抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌）需要嚴格的接觸隔離，以防止病原體透過直接或間接接觸傳播。接觸隔離的核心原則是阻斷傳播途徑，確保所有可能被污染的物品在離開隔離房間時經過適當的處理，以避免環境污染和交叉感染。未經防護措施將污染物品帶出隔離區，是嚴重的感染控制違規行為，會將病原體散播到醫院環境中，危及其他病患和工作人員的安全。
This question aims to assess the nurse's understanding and implementation of infection control, particularly contact precautions. MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) requires strict contact precautions to prevent transmission of the pathogen through direct or indirect contact. The core principle of contact precautions is to interrupt the route of transmission, ensuring that all potentially contaminated items are appropriately handled before leaving the isolation room to avoid environmental contamination and cross-infection. Taking contaminated items out of the isolation area without protective measures is a serious infection control violation that spreads the pathogen throughout the hospital environment, endangering the safety of other patients and staff.
台灣和美國在MRSA的接觸隔離原則上是高度一致的，都強調穿戴個人防護裝備（PPE）、限制物品進出、手部衛生，以及對污染物品的妥善處理。在台灣，餐盤離開隔離病房也必須有適當的措施，如使用專用餐具或雙層包裝，以避免將病原體帶出。因此，此題的感染控制原則在兩地皆適用。