— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位護理師正在接收入院一位有深層靜脈栓塞（DVT）病史的病人。哪類藥物通常用於預防？
A nurse is admitting a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which medication class is typically prescribed for prevention?
- AAntihypertensives抗高血壓藥物
- BAnticoagulants✓ 正解抗凝血劑
- CBronchodilators支氣管擴張劑
- DDiuretics利尿劑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
深層靜脈栓塞（DVT）的病理機轉涉及血液淤積、血管內皮損傷及血液高凝狀態（Virchow's Triad）。預防性照護的核心在於降低血液凝固能力，以防止血栓生成。抗凝血劑（Anticoagulants）如低分子量肝素（LMWH）或口服抗凝血劑能有效抑制凝血因子，是臨床預防高風險病人發生血栓栓塞的首選藥物類別。在護理管理中，優先考慮藥物預防結合物理性預防（如壓力襪），以達到最佳防護效果。
Anticoagulants are the primary medication class prescribed to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by inhibiting the formation of blood clots. This pharmacological intervention addresses the hypercoagulable aspect of Virchow's triad and is often used in conjunction with mechanical prophylaxis to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism.