護理師指導病人自我注射胰島素，下列哪些步驟顯示病人已正確理解？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of insulin. Which steps demonstrate correct understanding? (Select all that apply.)
- ARotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替注射部位以預防脂肪營養不良
- BDraw the NPH insulin before regular insulin先抽取 NPH 胰島素再抽取 Regular 胰島素
- CCleanse the injection site with an alcohol swab✓ 正解用酒精棉片清潔注射部位
- DDispose of used needles in a designated sharps container✓ 正解將使用過的針頭丟棄於指定的銳器容器中
- EAvoid rubbing the injection site after administration✓ 正解注射後避免揉搓注射部位
胰島素自我注射衛教重點：輪替部位預防脂肪增生（Lipodystrophy）以確保吸收穩定；正確的廢棄物處理（Sharps container）以防針扎與環境污染；注射後不可揉搓，因揉搓會加速皮下血管擴張，導致吸收過快造成低血糖。抽吸胰島素應「先透明後混濁」（Regular 先，NPH 後），以防污染短效胰島素瓶。
Key teaching points for self-injection of insulin: rotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy and ensure consistent absorption; dispose of waste correctly in a sharps container to prevent needlestick injury and environmental contamination; do not rub the site after injection because rubbing accelerates subcutaneous vascular dilation, leading to rapid absorption and hypoglycemia. When drawing up insulin, draw the clear first and then the cloudy (regular before NPH) to prevent contamination of the short-acting insulin vial.