一位病人被處方使用賴諾普利 (lisinopril)。護理師應告知病人關於哪個常見且預期的副作用？
A client is prescribed lisinopril. Which of the following is a common and expected side effect that the nurse should educate the client about?
- ADry cough✓ 正解乾咳
- BMuscle cramps肌肉痙攣
- CNausea噁心
- DDizziness upon standing站立時頭暈
ACE 抑制劑（Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors）會抑制緩激肽（Bradykinin）的降解，導致其在呼吸道黏膜堆積，進而引發持續性的乾咳。這是該類藥物最典型且預期的副作用，護理師需在病人用藥前告知，以減少病人因不明原因咳嗽而產生的焦慮，或誤認為感染而自行服用不必要的藥物。
ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) inhibit the breakdown of bradykinin, leading to its accumulation in the airway mucosa and resulting in a persistent dry cough. This is the most typical and expected side effect of this class of medications; the nurse should inform the patient before starting the medication to reduce anxiety about an unexplained cough and to prevent the patient from mistaking it for infection and taking unnecessary medications.