— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正在為病人滴注萬古黴素（Vancomycin），病人突然出現臉部、頸部及上胸部潮紅。護理師的首要行動為何？
A nurse is administering IV vancomycin to a client. The client suddenly develops flushing of the face, neck, and upper chest. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AAdminister a bolus of normal saline給予生理食鹽水推注
- BAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- CDiscontinue the infusion and notify the provider停止滴注並通知醫師
- DSlow the rate of the vancomycin infusion✓ 正解減慢萬古黴素的滴注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此症狀為「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），係因藥物輸注速度過快引發組織胺釋放所致。處理原則為先減慢輸注速度或暫停，待症狀改善後再緩慢給藥，而非視為過敏反應需立即停止給藥或抗組織胺治療。此現象多為輸注相關，非嚴重過敏反應。
The symptoms describe Red Man Syndrome, caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin leading to histamine release, rather than a true allergic reaction. The priority action is to slow the infusion rate, which typically resolves the flushing and allows for continued therapy once stabilized.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於紅人症候群的處置一致，強調調整速率大於停止給藥。