— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師指導病人胰島素甘精（Insulin glargine）自我注射。下列哪些內容正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of insulin glargine. Which points should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdminister at the same time each day✓ 正解每天同一時間給藥
- BMix with regular insulin in the same syringe在同一注射器中與常規胰島素混合
- CRotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy✓ 正解輪替注射部位以防止脂肪營養不良
- DStore unopened vials in the refrigerator✓ 正解將未開啟的安瓿瓶存放在冰箱中
- EDiscard the needle after a single use✓ 正解使用後丟棄針頭
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甘精胰島素為長效型，需每日固定時間注射。因其 pH 值為酸性，絕對不可與其他類型胰島素（如短效、速效）混和於同一針筒。輪替部位可防脂肪代謝異常。開封後的胰島素可放室溫，未開封需冷藏。針頭僅能使用一次以防感染。
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and should be injected at the same time each day. Because it has an acidic pH, it must never be mixed with other types of insulin (such as short-acting or rapid-acting) in the same syringe. Rotating injection sites prevents lipodystrophy. After opening, insulin can be stored at room temperature, but unopened vials must be refrigerated. Needles should be used only once to prevent infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國常鼓勵病人使用胰島素筆，台灣亦逐漸普及，但需衛教費用及相關適應訓練。