病人目前醫囑為清流質飲食（Clear liquid diet）。護理師應提供哪些食物？（選所有適合的）
A client is on a clear liquid diet. Which food items should the nurse offer? (Select all that apply.)
- AApple juice✓ 正解蘋果汁
- BFat-free broth✓ 正解去脂肉湯
- CVanilla ice cream香草冰淇淋
- DGelatin (Jell-O)✓ 正解果凍（Jell-O）
- EOrange juice with pulp含果肉柳橙汁
清流質飲食的核心定義是：在室溫下呈液態，且透明、無渣、不刺激腸胃。這種飲食通常用於手術前後或胃腸檢查前，目的是提供少量的水份與電解質，同時將消化負擔降至最低。蘋果汁（A）、清湯（B）和果凍（D）都符合透明且無纖維的標準。香草冰淇淋（C）雖然在室溫是液態，但含有乳製品，屬於全流質（Full liquid）而非清流質。含果肉的柳橙汁（E）因含有纖維渣，不透明，亦不符合清流的要求。護理師必須嚴格把關飲食類別，因為錯誤的進食（如清流質中混入乳製品）可能導致手術延期或病人術後嘔吐。
The core definition of a clear liquid diet is one that is liquid at room temperature, transparent, residue-free, and non-irritating to the gastrointestinal tract. This diet is generally used before and after surgery or before gastrointestinal procedures, providing small amounts of fluid and electrolytes while keeping the digestive load to a minimum. Apple juice (A), broth (B), and gelatin (D) all meet the criteria of being transparent and free of fiber. Vanilla ice cream (C), although liquid at room temperature, contains dairy and is considered a full liquid rather than a clear liquid. Orange juice with pulp (E) contains fibrous residue, is not transparent, and does not meet the clear liquid criteria. The nurse must strictly enforce the diet category, because dietary errors (such as adding dairy to a clear liquid diet) can cause the surgery to be delayed or lead to postoperative vomiting.
美國臨床常將 Jell-O 作為清流質的標準配備；台灣則較常使用過濾後的米湯、蜂蜜水或清燉肉汁，冰淇淋在台灣較少被歸類在醫院的全流質選單中。