護理師協助行動不便的病人從床轉移至椅子,哪項動作應優先進行?
A nurse is assisting a client with mobility limitations in transferring from the bed to a chair. Which action should the nurse take first?
- APlace a gait belt around the client's waist在病人腰部繫上牽引帶
- BLock the wheels on both the bed and the chair鎖緊床和椅子的輪子煞車
- CPosition the chair at a 45-degree angle to the bed將椅子以 45 度角放置在床旁
- DAssess the client's muscle strength and mobility level✓ 正解評估病人的肌力和活動能力等級
核心概念:協助行動不便病人轉移(transfer)的安全考量與步驟。 為何正確答案對: A. 評估病人的肌力與活動能力等級(Assess the client's muscle strength and mobility level):在進行任何病人移動之前,首要且最關鍵的步驟是進行全面的護理評估。這包括評估病人的肌力(muscle strength)、平衡能力(balance)、意識狀態(level of consciousness)、是否有頭暈(dizziness)或疼痛(pain),以及病人對移動的理解和配合程度。了解這些資訊有助於護理師判斷病人是否能獨立移動、需要何種程度的輔助、需要使用哪些輔助器材(如助行器、輪椅、移位帶 gait belt),以及需要多少人力協助,從而確保轉移過程的安全,預防跌倒(fall)或二次傷害。 為何其他選項錯: B. 鎖緊病床和輪椅的煞車(Lock the wheels on both the bed and the chair):鎖煞車是轉移過程中重要的安全步驟,可以防止移動過程中床或椅子滑動。然而,這是在評估病人能力後,執行移動前的準備動作,而非首要步驟。 A. 圍上病人腰部牽引帶(Place a gait belt around the client's waist):牽引帶(gait belt)是協助病人移動的輔助工具,能提供護理師抓握點,增加穩定性。但同樣,這是在評估病人能力後,才決定是否使用及如何使用的準備步驟,不是首要的評估。 C. 將輪椅以 45 度角放置在床邊(Position the chair at a 45-degree angle to the bed):輪椅的擺放角度是影響轉移穩定性和安全性的因素之一,通常建議與床平行或略微成角度,以便病人站起和坐下。但這同樣是執行轉移前的準備動作,而非首要評估。 臨床思路:此題考量「基本照護與舒適」(Basic Care & Comfort)領域,重點在於病人移動(mobility)的安全性。護理師在執行任何涉及病人移動的操作時,都必須遵循「評估優先」(assessment first)的原則。只有充分了解病人的狀況,才能制定出最安全有效的照護計畫和執行步驟。
Core concept: safety in transferring a client with limited mobility. Before any patient movement, the nurse must perform a comprehensive assessment of muscle strength, balance, level of consciousness, presence of dizziness or pain, and ability to follow directions. This information determines whether the client can transfer with minimal assistance or requires additional staff and assistive devices (gait belt, walker, etc.). Locking the bed and chair wheels (B), applying a gait belt (A), and positioning the chair (C) are all important preparation steps but follow the initial assessment. The principle is 'assess first' to design the safest plan.