— 照護管理 · EASY · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施符合感染控制的最佳實務？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following nursing interventions demonstrate effective infection control practices? (Select all that apply.)
- APerforming hand hygiene before and after touching a client✓ 正解在接觸病人前後執行手部衛生
- BPlacing a client with active tuberculosis in a negative-pressure room✓ 正解將活動性結核病病人安置於負壓病房
- CRecapping a needle after giving an injection注射後重新套上針帽
- DWearing a gown and gloves when expecting contact with body fluids✓ 正解預期會接觸到體液時穿著隔離衣並戴手套
- ECleaning a blood spill with cold water only僅用冷水清潔血液汙染區域
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
感染控制的核心在於防護與阻斷傳播。手部清潔是防止交叉感染的首要步驟。結核病需負壓隔離，接觸體液需使用標準防護（手套、隔離衣）。回套針頭（Recap）極高風險引發針扎，禁止實行。清潔血漬需使用適當消毒劑，而非僅冷水。
The core of infection control is protection and interrupting transmission. Hand hygiene is the primary step in preventing cross-infection. Tuberculosis requires negative-pressure isolation, and contact with body fluids requires standard precautions (gloves, gown). Recapping needles carries an extremely high risk of needlestick injury and is prohibited. Cleaning a blood spill requires an appropriate disinfectant, not cold water alone.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆嚴格遵守針扎防範原則，台灣目前推廣安全針具以徹底消除回套需求。