— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位護理師正在接收入院一位有心臟衰竭病史的病人。哪項症狀最需要最緊急的關注？
A nurse is admitting a client with a history of heart failure. Which symptom requires the most urgent attention?
- AOrthopnea.端坐呼吸
- BSudden onset of severe shortness of breath at rest.✓ 正解靜息狀態下突然發作嚴重呼吸困難
- CDyspnea on exertion.活動時呼吸困難
- DWeight gain of 1 lb in 24 hours.24小時內體重增加1磅
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心臟衰竭（Heart Failure）病人若出現突發的嚴重靜息性呼吸困難（Dyspnea at rest），這通常是急性肺水腫（Acute Pulmonary Edema）的徵兆，屬於心臟科緊急狀況。這意味著心臟排血量無法滿足代謝需求，液體回流至肺部導致換氣功能衰竭，若不立即處理，可能迅速發展為呼吸衰竭。
In a client with a history of heart failure, sudden severe dyspnea at rest is typically a sign of acute pulmonary edema and constitutes a cardiac emergency. It signals that cardiac output cannot meet metabolic demand, with fluid backing up into the lungs and impairing gas exchange; without immediate intervention, the condition can progress rapidly to respiratory failure.