一位有慢性疼痛病史的病人反映疼痛指數為 8/10。護理師的首要介入措施為何？
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of chronic pain. The client reports a pain level of 8/10. What is the priority nursing intervention?
- APerform a comprehensive pain assessment✓ 正解進行全面的疼痛評估
- BAdminister the PRN analgesic as ordered依醫囑給予備用止痛藥
- CDocument the pain level in the medical record在病歷中記錄疼痛程度
- DSuggest non-pharmacological interventions like music建議採用音樂等非藥物介入措施
儘管病人自述疼痛為 8/10，護理師應先完整評估疼痛的特性（PQRST：誘發、性質、放射、嚴重度、時間），以排除是否有急性併發症。不能僅憑數字給藥。全面評估有助於區分這是慢性疼痛的急性惡化，還是出現了新的病理狀況，進而選擇正確的緩解方式。
Even with a self-reported pain of 8/10, a comprehensive pain assessment (e.g., PQRSTU—Provocation/Palliation, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, Timing, Understanding) must precede any intervention. This identifies whether the pain represents typical chronic pain or a new/acute complication (e.g., compartment syndrome, MI, pulmonary embolism) that requires different management. Medication, non-pharmacologic measures, and documentation follow assessment.
美國強調 pain 為第五生命徵象，護理評估權責明確；台灣醫療場域有時過度依賴口頭報告，標準化的疼痛量表執行力需加強。