— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師正在給予靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl）。下列哪項行動能確保給藥安全？
A nurse is administering potassium chloride IV piggyback. Which action ensures safety during the infusion?
- AEnsure the concentration does not exceed 10 mEq/100 mL✓ 正解確保濃度不超過 10 mEq/100 mL
- BUse a gravity drip instead of an infusion pump使用重力滴注而非輸液幫浦
- CAdminister the medication via an IV push經靜脈推注給藥
- DMonitor for hypertension as a primary side effect監測高血壓作為主要副作用
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（KCl）是高警訊藥物（High-alert medication），若濃度過高或給藥速度過快，會導致嚴重心律不整甚至心跳停止。臨床規定必須稀釋（濃度通常不超過 10 mEq/100 mL）並透過輸液幫浦（Infusion pump）精確控制滴速。絕對禁止靜脈推注（IV push），以免造成局部血管壞死或心臟驟停。
Potassium chloride (KCl) is a high-alert medication. If the concentration is too high or the infusion is too rapid, it can cause severe cardiac arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest. Clinical guidelines require dilution (typically no more than 10 mEq per 100 mL) and use of an infusion pump for precise rate control. IV push administration is absolutely prohibited because it can cause local vascular necrosis or cardiac arrest.