— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照顧一位全身性紅斑狼瘡 (SLE) 個案。應預期看到哪些臨床表現？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing care to a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
- AButterfly rash across the nose and cheeks✓ 正解跨越鼻子和顴骨的蝴蝶斑疹
- BJoint pain and swelling✓ 正解關節疼痛和腫脹
- CIncreased urine output尿量增加
- DPhotosensitivity✓ 正解光敏感
- EExtreme fatigue✓ 正解極度疲倦
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
SLE 是一種慢性發炎性自體免疫疾病。常見症狀包括臉頰蝴蝶斑（Butterfly rash）、關節炎、光敏感（Photosensitivity）及嚴重的疲憊感。多尿並非此症典型表現，相反地，需監測是否有狼瘡腎炎導致的尿蛋白或腎功能惡化。
SLE is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Common manifestations include the malar butterfly rash, arthritis, photosensitivity, and profound fatigue. Polyuria is not a characteristic finding; instead, the nurse should monitor for proteinuria or worsening renal function from lupus nephritis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對狼瘡個案的護理皆強調防曬衛教及避免誘發因子，台灣在類固醇與免疫抑制劑的使用衛教上更為謹慎。