護理師照護一位放置留置導尿管的病人，哪項行為能正確預防感染？
A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action by the nurse is correct to prevent infection?
- AEmpty the drainage bag only when it is full僅當引流袋充滿時才排放
- BKeep the drainage bag above the level of the bladder將引流袋保持在膀胱水平以上
- CPerform perineal care at least twice daily✓ 正解至少每日兩次進行會陰護理
- DDisconnect the catheter from the drainage tube for sampling為採樣將導尿管與引流管斷開
留置導尿管的感染預防（CAUTI Prevention）核心在於維持封閉系統與清潔。每日至少兩次會陰部清潔可移除尿道口周圍細菌，減少逆行性感染。引流袋應始終低於膀胱以利用重力防止尿液逆流。絕對禁止隨意斷開接頭採樣，因為這會打破封閉系統並引入外界細菌。引流袋不應等到全滿才排空，因為尿液蓄積過多會增加逆流風險，應定時排空。
The cornerstone of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention is maintaining a closed system and cleanliness. Performing perineal care at least twice daily removes bacteria from around the urethral meatus and reduces the risk of ascending infection. The drainage bag must always be kept below the level of the bladder so that gravity prevents reflux. Disconnection of the catheter from the drainage tubing for sampling is strictly prohibited because it breaks the closed system and introduces external bacteria. The drainage bag should not be allowed to fill completely before emptying; excessive accumulation increases the risk of reflux, so the bag should be emptied on a regular schedule.