— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護髖關節置換術後病人，下列哪項護理措施對預防深部靜脈栓塞最重要？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which action by the nurse is the priority to prevent deep vein thrombosis?
- APerform passive range of motion exercises執行被動關節活動範圍運動
- BAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
- CEncourage frequent coughing and deep breathing鼓勵頻繁咳嗽和深呼吸
- DApply sequential compression devices✓ 正解使用間歇性氣壓加壓裝置
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
深部靜脈栓塞 (DVT) 的關鍵預防在於促進靜脈回流。間歇性氣壓式加壓器 (SCD) 是標準物理預防措施，能有效加速下肢血液循環並防止瘀滯。其他選項如深呼吸咳嗽主要預防肺部併發症，抗生素防感染，被動運動效果不及氣壓式加壓設備。
Prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after hip arthroplasty depends on promoting venous return. Sequential compression devices (SCDs) are the standard mechanical prophylaxis, effectively accelerating lower-extremity circulation and preventing stasis. Coughing and deep breathing target pulmonary complications, antibiotics prevent infection, and passive range of motion is less effective than SCDs for venous return.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院廣泛使用 SCD 並納入核心評核；台灣醫院雖亦普遍使用，但 SCD 配備數目常受預算限制，有時需採彈性輪用。