— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人給予靜脈注射抗生素，下列哪項是確保病人安全的首要行動？
A nurse is preparing to administer an intravenous antibiotic to a client. Which of the following is the priority action to ensure patient safety?
- ADocument the administration time immediately立即記錄給藥時間
- BVerify the client's identity using two identifiers✓ 正解使用兩項識別碼驗證個案身分
- CCheck the expiration date on the medication vial檢查藥物安瓿瓶上的有效期限
- DVerify the infusion rate with another nurse與另一位護理師核對輸注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
根據病人安全目標（National Patient Safety Goals），給藥前最基本的安全規範是正確辨識病人身分。使用兩個識別碼（通常為姓名與出生日期）可防止給藥錯誤，這是給藥流程中最核心、最優先的預防風險步驟，任何其他的準備工作都必須建立在確認對的人的前提下。
Verifying the client's identity using two identifiers is the priority action to ensure the medication is administered to the correct person, which is the most critical step in preventing medication errors. Other safety checks, such as verifying expiration dates or documentation, are important but secondary to confirming the patient's identity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強調兩項識別，台灣醫學中心多使用條碼掃描（BCMA）輔助，美國基層診所則依賴口頭詢問確認。