下列哪項行動最能體現護理師在個案擁護（Advocacy）的角色？
Which of the following actions best illustrates the nurse's role in client advocacy?
- ADirecting the client to speak only to the primary physician指示個案僅與主治醫師溝通
- BPromoting the hospital's policies to the client向個案推廣醫院政策
- CAgreeing with the physician's plan to avoid conflict同意醫師的計畫以避免衝突
- DClarifying the physician's orders when the client is confused about the treatment✓ 正解當個案對治療感到困惑時，釐清醫師的醫囑
個案擁護（Advocacy）是護理師的核心專業職責，旨在確保病人的自主權、知情同意權及最佳利益。當病人對醫囑感到困惑時，護理師應擔任溝通橋樑，協助釐清治療目的，確保病人是在充分理解的情況下接受照護。這不僅是資訊的轉達，更是防止病人因溝通不良而做出錯誤決定的重要機制。護理師應以病人為中心，將病人的安全與需求置於醫療團隊的層級關係之上。
Client advocacy is a core professional responsibility of the nurse, aimed at protecting the client's autonomy, right to informed consent, and best interests. When a client is confused about medical orders, the nurse should act as a communication bridge, helping clarify the purpose of treatment and ensuring that the client is receiving care with full understanding. This goes beyond transmitting information; it is an essential mechanism for preventing clients from making poor decisions due to inadequate communication. The nurse should remain client-centered, placing the client's safety and needs above the hierarchical relationships within the healthcare team.
在美國臨床環境中，護理師的角色更強調自主性（Autonomy）與跨專業溝通。對於不清楚的醫囑，護理師有法律責任（Legal Duty）直接向醫師提出質疑（Clarify），甚至在必要時啟動「Chain of Command」向上反映，這在美式護理教育中被視為最基本的擁護行為。