— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位肝硬化病人血氨濃度升高。護理師應建議哪種飲食調整？
A client with cirrhosis has an elevated ammonia level. Which dietary modification should the nurse recommend?
- ALow protein diet✓ 正解低蛋白質飲食
- BLow fiber diet低纖維飲食
- CHigh fat diet高脂肪飲食
- DHigh protein diet高蛋白質飲食
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肝硬化病人常因門靜脈高壓及側支循環建立，使得腸道吸收的氨（Ammonia）無法經由肝臟轉化為尿素排出，導致血氨升高引發肝性腦病變（Hepatic Encephalopathy）。護理重點在於限制蛋白質攝取以減少氨的產生。此外，亦可使用乳果糖（Lactulose）協助氨的排出。低蛋白質飲食能顯著改善病人的神智狀態。
In clients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension and the development of collateral circulation prevent ammonia absorbed by the intestine from being converted to urea in the liver for excretion, resulting in elevated serum ammonia and hepatic encephalopathy. Nursing care emphasizes restricting protein intake to reduce ammonia production. Lactulose may also be used to help eliminate ammonia. A low-protein diet can significantly improve the client's mental status.