護理師照顧一位術後傷口放置負壓吸引器（Hemovac）的病人，發現吸引裝置不再處於壓縮狀態。護理師應優先採取的行動是什麼？
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has a portable wound suction device (Hemovac). The nurse notes that the suction is no longer compressed. What is the priority nursing action?
- AEmpty the container and re-establish suction✓ 正解清空容器並重建吸引
- BCheck the tubing for kinks or clogs檢查管路是否有扭曲或阻塞
- CNotify the surgeon immediately立即通知外科醫師
- DChange the dressing around the drain更換引流管周圍的敷料
這題考的是對引流設備的基礎維護與故障排除。當 Hemovac 裝置沒有壓縮時，代表裝置已喪失真空狀態，無法對傷口部位持續進行負壓吸引，這會導致傷口滲液堆積，增加感染風險或延遲癒合。第一步應將容器內積存的液體清空（以利重塑真空），接著重新壓縮裝置並固定，以恢復負壓功能。這屬於護理師術後照護的標準職責範圍。若重新建立負壓後仍無法維持，或傷口引流量異常，才需要進一步檢查管路是否有阻塞或通知醫師。選項 B 是常見的誤區，雖然管路阻塞是原因之一，但第一動作應先處理裝置本身的負壓狀態；A 太過急躁；D 則不影響負壓功能。
This question addresses basic maintenance and troubleshooting of drainage devices. When a Hemovac unit is no longer compressed, it has lost its vacuum and can no longer apply continuous negative pressure to the wound site, leading to accumulation of wound exudate, increased infection risk, and delayed healing. The first step is to empty the accumulated fluid from the container (to allow recreation of the vacuum), and then recompress and secure the device to restore negative pressure. This is part of standard postoperative nursing care. If the vacuum cannot be maintained after recompression, or if drainage volume is abnormal, further inspection of the tubing for obstruction or notification of the provider may be required. Option B is a common pitfall; although tubing obstruction is a possible cause, the first action should be to restore the negative pressure of the device itself. C is too urgent; D does not affect the negative-pressure function.
在美國臨床，護理師對於引流裝置的操作有很高的自主權，無需額外醫囑即可自行執行清空與負壓重置；台灣醫院則多將引流器護理納入標準 SOP，護理師依據傷口照護規範執行即可，但在紀錄引流液量與顏色上，兩地均需嚴格登錄。