— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師的哪些行為符合 HIPAA 隱私規範？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by a nurse correctly manages a client's care regarding HIPAA privacy regulations? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiscussing the client's lab results in the nurse's station elevator在護理站的電梯中討論病人的檢驗結果
- BLogging out of the electronic health record before leaving the terminal✓ 正解離開終端機前登出電子健康紀錄系統
- CProviding lab results to a family member who provided the client's date of birth提供檢驗結果給能提供病人出生日期的家屬
- DTurning the monitor away from the view of visitors in the room✓ 正解將螢幕轉向，避免病房內的訪客看見
- EDisposing of documents with personal health info in the secure shredding bin✓ 正解將含有個人健康資訊的文件丟入安全的碎紙機
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
HIPAA 規範保護病人隱私，包括數位資安（登出系統）、物理空間隔離（螢幕遮蔽）與文件處理（碎紙機）。選項 A 是公共空間討論隱私，錯誤；選項 C 錯誤，僅有出生日期不足以證明獲得授權，必須有授權委託。
HIPAA protects patient privacy through digital security (logging off), physical safeguards (turning screens), and document handling (secure shredding). Option A discusses PHI in a public space, which is incorrect. Option C is also incorrect because a date of birth alone does not establish authorization—explicit consent is required.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 HIPAA 規範極嚴；台灣對應個資法與醫療法，臨床環境的隱私保護概念逐漸提升。