— 照護管理 · HARD · SATA —
護理師採取下列哪些措施符合病人隱私與機密保護原則？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions by a nurse demonstrates appropriate management of client confidentiality and privacy? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiscussing the client's lab results with a coworker in the elevator在電梯裡與同事討論病人的檢驗結果
- BLogging off the computer terminal before leaving the station✓ 正解離開工作站前登出電腦終端機
- CEnsuring the client's medical record is turned face-down at the desk✓ 正解確保病人的病歷在桌上正面朝下放置
- DSharing the client's information with the client's neighbor who called與打電話來的病人鄰居分享病人資訊
- ESpeaking quietly when discussing clinical information at the nurses' station✓ 正解在護理站討論臨床資訊時降低音量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
保護隱私的核心在於防止非授權人員接觸資訊。登出電腦（B）、文件翻轉避免外露（C）以及降低音量（E）均為臨床常見的隱私防護措施。在電梯討論病人（A）違反隱私；未經授權與鄰居透露病人資訊（D）則嚴重違反 HIPAA 法規。
The core of protecting privacy is preventing unauthorized personnel from accessing information. Logging off the computer (B), turning documents face down to prevent exposure (C), and lowering the voice (E) are all common clinical privacy safeguards. Discussing a client in the elevator (A) violates privacy; disclosing client information to a neighbor without authorization (D) is a serious HIPAA violation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 HIPAA 法規嚴格，違規罰則高；台灣病患隱私觀念逐漸加強，但護理站開放式環境仍具隱私挑戰。