一位慢性腎臟病（CKD）新診斷病人詢問飲食調整。護理師在衛教計畫中應優先強調什麼？

慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人因腎絲球過濾率（GFR）下降，導致排鉀能力受損，極易引發高血鉀症（Hyperkalemia）。高血鉀會直接影響心肌傳導，導致致死性心律不整（如心室顫動）。護理師在衛教時應優先強調限制高鉀食物攝取，這是預防致命性併發症的核心護理措施。其他飲食調整如蛋白質或鈣質需依據病程階段調整，但優先級均次於可能造成即刻生命危險的高血鉀。

Clients with chronic kidney disease have impaired potassium excretion, placing them at high risk for life-threatening hyperkalemia, which can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, restricting potassium intake is the priority dietary modification to prevent immediate cardiovascular complications. Other adjustments like protein or calcium management are important but secondary to preventing acute hyperkalemia.