— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位心臟衰竭病人被處方 ACE 抑制劑。護理師應監測何種潛在的副作用?
A client with heart failure is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
- AHypotension低血壓
- BDry cough✓ 正解乾咳
- CHyperkalemia高血鉀
- DAngioedema血管性水腫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACE 抑制劑常見的副作用是乾咳(dry cough),發生率約 5-20%。雖然高血鉀(hyperkalemia)、低血壓(hypotension)和血管性水腫(angioedema)也可能發生,但乾咳是最常見且具特徵性的副作用。若病人發生血管性水腫,則需立即停藥。
Dry cough is the most common and characteristic adverse effect of ACE inhibitors, occurring in about 5-20% of patients. Hyperkalemia, hypotension, and angioedema can also occur but are less common. Angioedema, if it develops, requires immediate discontinuation of the drug.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫師在處方 ACEI 時,會提醒病人注意乾咳;台灣亦同,但病人對此副作用的接受度可能因文化背景而異。