— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位慢性阻塞性肺病病人有呼吸性酸中毒風險,哪項動脈血氣分析結果支持此診斷?
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is at risk for respiratory acidosis. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) findings support this?
- ApH 7.45, PaCO2 40 mmHgpH 7.45、PaCO2 40 mmHg
- BpH 7.50, PaCO2 30 mmHgpH 7.50、PaCO2 30 mmHg
- CpH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mmHg✓ 正解pH 7.30、PaCO2 50 mmHg
- DpH 7.35, PaCO2 45 mmHgpH 7.35、PaCO2 45 mmHg
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
呼吸性酸中毒的定義為 pH 值下降(<7.35)及 PaCO2 上升(>45 mmHg)。選項 C 顯示酸中毒且二氧化碳過高,符合 CO2 排出障礙(COPD 典型特徵)。B 為正常值,B 為呼吸性鹼中毒,D 雖在正常邊緣,但非典型酸中毒表現。
Respiratory acidosis is defined by a pH less than 7.35 and PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg. Option C shows acidosis with elevated CO2, consistent with impaired CO2 elimination typical of COPD. Option A is within normal range, B represents respiratory alkalosis, and D is at the edge of normal and not a typical acidosis pattern.
✦ 台美臨床差異
無顯著差異,皆要求護理師需具備判讀 ABG 的能力以評估呼吸狀況。