一位52歲患有子宮頸癌的女性正在接受腔內近接放射治療（體內放射性植入物）。當護理師給予口服藥物時，病患說：「我好無聊。我三歲的孫子今天可以來探望我抱抱我嗎？還有，我剛剛試著自己走到廁所，但覺得太累，就爬回床上了。」關於輻射安全，護理師必須堅定提供下列哪些衛教指示？（多選題）
A 52-year-old female with cervical cancer is receiving intracavitary brachytherapy (an internal radioactive implant). While the nurse administers oral medications, the patient says, "I am so bored. Can my 3-year-old grandson visit me today for a hug? Also, I tried to walk to the bathroom earlier but felt too tired and crawled back into bed." Which instructions must the nurse firmly provide regarding radiation safety? (Select all that apply.)
- AIndividuals under exactly 16 years of age and pregnant women are strictly prohibited from visiting.✓ 正解嚴格禁止未滿16歲者及孕婦探視
- BYou must remain on strict bed rest to prevent the radioactive implant from becoming dislodged.✓ 正解必須嚴格臥床休息，以防止放射性植入物移位
- CNursing staff will limit their total time spent inside your room to a maximum of 30 minutes per shift.✓ 正解護理人員將限制在病房內的總時間，每班次最多30分鐘
- DAny linens and soiled dressings must be discarded immediately into the hallway trash bin to minimize room clutter.任何床單和髒污敷料必須立即丟棄至走廊垃圾桶，以減少房間雜亂
- EVisitors are allowed, but they must remain a minimum of 6 feet away from the bed during their stay.✓ 正解允許探視，但訪客在探視期間必須與病床保持至少6英尺的距離
本題探討內部放射治療（Brachytherapy）的輻射防護標準。病患體內置有放射源，這意味著她周圍會散發游離輻射。原則是「時間、距離、屏蔽」。兒童（發育中細胞對輻射極敏感）與孕婦絕對禁止探視（選項A正確）。一般探病者每日訪客時間需限制於30分鐘內，且必須與病患保持至少6英尺（1.8公尺）的防護距離（選項E正確）。醫護人員也必須將每班停留在病房的時間壓縮至約 30 分鐘內，集中給藥與護理（選項C正確）。為避免放射源因重力脫落，病患必須維持嚴格的絕對臥床休息（Strict bed rest），護理師需提供尿盆，嚴禁病患起身走到浴廁（選項B正確）。關於病房內廢棄物，所有的床單與敷料在病患出院及輻射源移除前，皆「必須留在病房內」，不可拿到走廊，因為萬一放射源不慎脫落混在床單裡被丟出病房，會造成整層樓的輻射外洩（選項D錯誤）。
This question addresses radiation safety standards for internal brachytherapy. The patient harbors a radioactive source emitting ionizing radiation. The principles are 'Time, Distance, and Shielding.' Children (whose rapidly dividing cells are extremely sensitive to radiation) and pregnant women are absolutely prohibited from visiting (A). Adult visitors should be limited to 30 minutes per day and must remain at least 6 feet (1.8 m) away (E). Nursing staff must compress in-room time to ~30 minutes per shift, clustering care (C). To prevent gravitational dislodgement of the source, strict bed rest is mandatory; the nurse must provide a bedpan and prohibit ambulation (B). All linens and dressings must remain in the room until the source is removed (D is incorrect); discarding them in the hallway risks releasing the source if it has accidentally dislodged into bedding, contaminating the entire unit.
台美在輻射防護管理上皆遵循相同的 IAEA（國際原子能總署）及 ALARA 原則，距離 2 公尺（約 6 呎）與時間 30 分鐘為標準考點。台灣醫院的重裝備病房更是採取鉛門重重管控，觀念相通。