Nurslix
— 安全與感染控制 · SATA —

一位52歲患有子宮頸癌的女性正在接受腔內近接放射治療(體內放射性植入物)。當護理師給予口服藥物時,病患說:「我好無聊。我三歲的孫子今天可以來探望我抱抱我嗎?還有,我剛剛試著自己走到廁所,但覺得太累,就爬回床上了。」關於輻射安全,護理師必須堅定提供下列哪些衛教指示?(多選題)

A 52-year-old female with cervical cancer is receiving intracavitary brachytherapy (an internal radioactive implant). While the nurse administers oral medications, the patient says, "I am so bored. Can my 3-year-old grandson visit me today for a hug? Also, I tried to walk to the bathroom earlier but felt too tired and crawled back into bed." Which instructions must the nurse firmly provide regarding radiation safety? (Select all that apply.)

  • AIndividuals under exactly 16 years of age and pregnant women are strictly prohibited from visiting.嚴格禁止未滿16歲者及孕婦探視正確答案
  • BYou must remain on strict bed rest to prevent the radioactive implant from becoming dislodged.必須嚴格臥床休息,以防止放射性植入物移位正確答案
  • CNursing staff will limit their total time spent inside your room to a maximum of 30 minutes per shift.護理人員將限制在病房內的總時間,每班次最多30分鐘正確答案
  • DAny linens and soiled dressings must be discarded immediately into the hallway trash bin to minimize room clutter.任何床單和髒污敷料必須立即丟棄至走廊垃圾桶,以減少房間雜亂
  • EVisitors are allowed, but they must remain a minimum of 6 feet away from the bed during their stay.允許探視,但訪客在探視期間必須與病床保持至少6英尺的距離正確答案
— Answer · 正確答案 —
  • A嚴格禁止未滿16歲者及孕婦探視
  • B必須嚴格臥床休息,以防止放射性植入物移位
  • C護理人員將限制在病房內的總時間,每班次最多30分鐘
  • E允許探視,但訪客在探視期間必須與病床保持至少6英尺的距離
— Why · 為什麼是這個答案 —

內部近接治療(brachytherapy)期間病人體內置有放射源,防護原則為時間、距離、屏蔽。A正確:兒童與孕婦絕對禁止探視,因發育中的細胞與胎兒對游離輻射特別敏感;惟選項用詞「exactly 16 years of age」不精確,常見規範以未滿18歲禁止探視為門檻。E正確:一般訪客可探視,但須與病床保持至少6英尺(約1.8公尺)距離,且每次探視時間受限。C正確:醫護人員每班停留於病室的時間須壓縮(一般約30分鐘內),並事先集中規劃給藥與護理項目,以縮短暴露時間。B正確:為避免放射源移位或脫落,病人須維持嚴格臥床,護理師應提供便盆;題幹中病人已自述曾嘗試走到浴廁,正是必須立即再衛教之處。D錯誤:所有床單、敷料與病室廢棄物在放射源取出前皆須留置於病室內,由輻射防護人員以偵測器確認無放射源後才可處理;若混有脫落的射源被丟到走廊垃圾桶,會造成院內輻射污染。

— Options · 其他選項為什麼不對 —
  • A · 正確答案嚴格禁止未滿16歲者及孕婦探視

    胎兒與幼童快速分裂的細胞對輻射引起的 DNA 損傷極度敏感,因此必須頒布無條件的禁止探病。

  • B · 正確答案必須嚴格臥床休息,以防止放射性植入物移位

    嚴格臥床休息可以防止重力與走動意外造成體內植入物脫落,那將引發巨大的輻射急症。

  • C · 正確答案護理人員將限制在病房內的總時間,每班次最多30分鐘

    基於 ALARA(合理抑低)原則最小化暴露時間,能限制員工的職業性累積輻射劑量。

  • D任何床單和髒污敷料必須立即丟棄至走廊垃圾桶,以減少房間雜亂

    在植入物被官方移除前,床單必須留在病房內,以確保放射源不會被意外捲起並丟棄。

  • E · 正確答案允許探視,但訪客在探視期間必須與病床保持至少6英尺的距離

    平方反比定律表明輻射強度會隨距離大幅下降;6英尺為成年訪客建立了一道安全邊界。

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美在輻射防護管理上皆遵循相同的 IAEA(國際原子能總署)及 ALARA 原則,距離 2 公尺(約 6 呎)與時間 30 分鐘為標準考點。台灣醫院的重裝備病房更是採取鉛門重重管控,觀念相通。

English explanation

This question addresses radiation safety standards for internal brachytherapy. The patient harbors a radioactive source emitting ionizing radiation. The principles are 'Time, Distance, and Shielding.' Children (whose rapidly dividing cells are extremely sensitive to radiation) and pregnant women are absolutely prohibited from visiting (A). Adult visitors should be limited to 30 minutes per day and must remain at least 6 feet (1.8 m) away (E). Nursing staff must compress in-room time to ~30 minutes per shift, clustering care (C). To prevent gravitational dislodgement of the source, strict bed rest is mandatory; the nurse must provide a bedpan and prohibit ambulation (B). All linens and dressings must remain in the room until the source is removed (D is incorrect); discarding them in the hallway risks releasing the source if it has accidentally dislodged into bedding, contaminating the entire unit.

最近修訂:2026-05-16

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