一位 35 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的病人，出現呼吸急促、心搏過速及強烈瀕死感。護理師應首先採取什麼行動？
A 35-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid breathing, tachycardia, and a feeling of impending doom. Which action should the nurse take first?
- ALeave the client alone to reduce environmental stimuli讓病人獨處以減少環境刺激
- BSpeak in a calm, firm, and low-pitched voice✓ 正解以平靜、堅定且低沉的語調說話
- CInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示病人對著紙袋呼吸
- DAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方備用（PRN）抗焦慮藥物
面對恐慌發作（Panic attack）的病人，護理師的首要任務是建立安全感，並透過冷靜的溝通引導病人恢復控制。病人正處於交感神經過度興奮狀態，護理師穩定、低沉且堅定的語調能提供外部的穩定刺激，降低病人的警覺性。過多的環境干擾應減少，但不能留下病人獨處，以免加重其恐慌感與失控感。呼吸練習應由護理師引導進行，而非使用紙袋，以防低氧血症。
During a panic attack, the nurse's first task is to establish safety through a calm, firm, low-pitched voice. The patient is in a state of sympathetic overdrive; a steady external presence helps reduce hyperarousal. Environmental stimuli should be reduced, but the patient should not be left alone (this worsens the sense of doom). Breathing exercises should be coached by the nurse, not done with a paper bag (which risks hypoxia).