一位 45 歲個案被診斷為廣泛性焦慮症。當個案正經歷急性恐慌發作時，下列哪項護理措施最合適？
A 45-year-old client is diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a client experiencing an acute panic attack?
- AAdminister an PRN antipsychotic medication immediately立即給予處方 PRN 抗精神病藥物
- BSpeak in a calm, clear, and firm manner✓ 正解以冷靜、清晰且堅定的語氣說話
- CEncourage the client to discuss the underlying cause of the panic鼓勵個案討論恐慌的根本原因
- DInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示個案對著紙袋呼吸
面對急性恐慌的個案，護理師應提供安全、穩定且簡短的溝通方式。使用冷靜、清晰且堅定的語氣可以減少個案的混亂感，並提供外部的穩定因子。過度鼓勵分析原因或過度刺激會讓個案更焦慮，紙袋呼吸已非現代首選，抗精神病藥物通常非第一線用藥。
When caring for a client experiencing acute panic, the nurse should provide safe, stable, and concise communication. Speaking in a calm, clear, and firm manner reduces the client's sense of disorganization and provides an external stabilizing influence. Pressing the client to analyze causes or providing excessive stimulation worsens anxiety; paper-bag breathing is no longer first-line; and antipsychotic medications are generally not the first-line treatment for panic attacks.
台美在急性恐慌處理上一致，但台灣臨床護理師常受限於醫囑開立速度，常需先由醫師評估後給藥。