護理師指導病人自我注射胰島素。為預防脂肪代謝障礙，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about self-administration of insulin. Which instructions should the nurse include to prevent lipodystrophy? (Select all that apply.)
- ARotate injection sites systematically✓ 正解系統性地輪替注射部位
- BAvoid using the same anatomical region within one week一週內避免使用相同的解剖區域
- CInject insulin at room temperature✓ 正解在室溫下注射胰島素
- DMassage the site vigorously after injection注射後用力按摩注射部位
- EUse a new needle for every injection✓ 正解每次注射使用新針頭
預防皮下脂肪增生或萎縮，核心在於減少組織刺激。輪替注射部位、避免使用重複針頭（物理傷害導致組織結疤）、注射常溫胰島素（減少刺激），均能有效維持皮下組織健康。用力按摩反而會加速胰島素吸收，導致血糖波動，非預防脂肪障礙之手段。
The core of preventing lipohypertrophy or lipoatrophy is to minimize tissue irritation. Rotating injection sites, avoiding reuse of needles (repeated physical trauma can lead to tissue scarring), and injecting room-temperature insulin (to reduce irritation) all help maintain healthy subcutaneous tissue. Vigorous massage actually accelerates insulin absorption and causes blood glucose fluctuations, and is not a means of preventing lipodystrophy.
台灣目前健保給付針頭數量有限，病人常有重複使用習慣，需特別加強衛教其風險。