護理師評估一位抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）的病人，預期會看到哪項實驗室檢查結果？
A nurse is assessing a client with SIADH. Which laboratory finding should the nurse expect?
- ASerum osmolality 310 mOsm/kg血清滲透壓 310 mOsm/kg
- BSerum sodium 120 mEq/L✓ 正解血清鈉 120 mEq/L
- CUrine specific gravity 1.002尿液比重 1.002
- DHematocrit 55%紅血球容積比 55%
抗利尿激素分泌不當症候群（SIADH）是由於 ADH 分泌過多，導致腎小管對水分的再吸收增加，引發體液過度滯留。這種水分滯留會稀釋血液中的溶質，導致「稀釋性低血鈉」（Dilutional Hyponatremia）。臨床上常見的實驗室指標包括：血鈉濃度低於 135 mEq/L、血清滲透壓低於 275 mOsm/kg，以及尿液因高度濃縮而比重偏高（>1.030）。護理師在照顧 SIADH 病人時，必須嚴格限制水分攝入，並監測神經學變化，以防低血鈉導致的腦水腫與癲癇發作。
SIADH is caused by excessive ADH secretion, leading to increased renal tubular water reabsorption and excessive fluid retention. This water retention dilutes serum solutes, producing dilutional hyponatremia. Common labs: serum sodium <135 mEq/L, serum osmolality <275 mOsm/kg, and concentrated urine with high specific gravity (>1.030). In caring for SIADH clients, the nurse must strictly restrict fluid intake and monitor neurological changes to prevent hyponatremia-induced cerebral edema and seizures.