— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位病患出現庫欣氏症候群跡象，護理師預期會發現什麼臨床特徵？
A client presents with signs of Cushing's syndrome. Which clinical finding should the nurse anticipate?
- AHypotension and dehydration低血壓與脫水
- BHyperpigmentation of the skin皮膚色素沉著
- CMoon face and buffalo hump✓ 正解滿月臉與水牛肩
- DWeight loss and thin extremities體重減輕與四肢細長
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫欣氏症候群（Cushing's syndrome）是由於皮質醇（Cortisol）長期過量分泌所致。過量的皮質醇會影響代謝，導致脂肪重新分布。典型臨床特徵包括向心性肥胖、滿月臉（Moon face）、水牛肩（Buffalo hump）、軀幹肥胖但四肢瘦小（肌肉萎縮）、皮膚變薄、易瘀青、高血壓與高血糖。這些特徵是內分泌失調的典型表現。
Cushing's syndrome results from chronic excessive secretion of cortisol. Excess cortisol affects metabolism and causes fat redistribution. Typical clinical features include central (truncal) obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, truncal obesity with thin extremities (muscle wasting), thin skin, easy bruising, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. These features are the typical manifestations of this endocrine disorder.