— 降低風險 · HARD · MCQ —
病人診斷為嗜中性白血球減少症。護理師應提供家屬哪些關於病人照護的指導？
A client is diagnosed with neutropenia. Which instructions should the nurse provide to the family regarding the client's care?
- ARecommend the use of rectal thermometers建議使用直腸溫度計
- BSuggest having fresh flower arrangements in the room建議在房間內擺放鮮花
- CEnsure the client performs daily perineal hygiene✓ 正解確保病人每日進行會陰清潔
- DEncourage the client to eat fresh fruits and salads鼓勵病人食用新鮮水果和沙拉
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少症（Neutropenia）病人缺乏抵抗細菌感染的免疫力。護理重點在於「減菌護理」。會陰部因鄰近肛門，細菌多且易移位，每日清潔能大幅降低泌尿道與局部感染風險。禁止直腸測溫是因為直腸黏膜脆弱，容易因溫度計造成微小傷口，導致細菌直接進入血液循環引起敗血症。新鮮蔬果與花卉帶有土壤黴菌，對此類病人極度危險。
Neutropenic clients lack the immune cells to fight bacterial infection, so care focuses on minimizing exposure. Daily perineal hygiene reduces bacterial colonization adjacent to the rectum and lowers infection risk. Rectal thermometers are avoided because they can tear fragile mucosa and seed bacteria into the bloodstream. Raw produce and fresh flowers harbor bacteria and fungi and are typically restricted on neutropenic precautions.