對於採取接觸隔離的病人，下列哪些措施是必要的？（選所有適合的）

核心概念：接觸隔離（Contact Precautions）的標準措施。 為何正確答案對： A. 進入採取接觸隔離病人的病室時，即應穿戴手套（Wear gloves upon room entry），以防止接觸到病人、其物品或環境表面的病原體。 B. 當預期會與病人有直接的身體接觸時（例如：協助翻身、更換衣物），應穿戴隔離衣（Wear a gown for direct contact），以保護自己的衣物和皮膚不被污染。 C. 離開病室後，必須立即執行手部衛生（Perform hand hygiene after leaving the room），使用肥皂和流水徹底清洗，以清除可能沾染的病原體。 D. 為接觸隔離病人提供專用的醫療設備（Use dedicated medical equipment for the client），如聽診器、血壓計，或在使用後進行徹底消毒，可有效防止病原體在設備間傳播。 為何其他選項錯： E. N95 呼吸器（N95 respirator）是針對空氣傳播（Airborne Transmission）疾病（如結核病）的防護，用於預防吸入空氣中的微小飛沫。接觸隔離主要防護直接或間接接觸傳播，無需佩戴 N95。

Core concept: standard measures for contact precautions. Why the correct answers are correct: A. When entering the room of a client on contact precautions, gloves should be worn upon room entry to prevent contact with pathogens on the client, the client's belongings, or environmental surfaces. B. When direct physical contact with the client is anticipated (for example, when assisting with turning or changing clothes), a gown should be worn to protect one's clothing and skin from contamination. C. After leaving the room, hand hygiene must be performed immediately, using soap and running water, to remove any pathogens that may have been picked up. D. Providing dedicated medical equipment for the client on contact precautions (such as stethoscope and blood pressure cuff), or thoroughly disinfecting equipment after use, effectively prevents transmission of pathogens between pieces of equipment. Why the other option is incorrect: E. The N95 respirator is protective equipment for airborne transmission (such as tuberculosis), used to prevent inhalation of tiny airborne droplets. Contact precautions primarily protect against direct or indirect contact transmission, and an N95 is not required.