一位慢性腎臟病（CKD）病人血鉀濃度為 6.5 mEq/L。護理師應準備立即執行何項措施？
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which intervention should the nurse prepare to implement immediately?
- APrepare for hemodialysis準備進行血液透析
- BAdminister Kayexalate orally口服給予 Kayexalate
- CAdminister intravenous insulin and dextrose✓ 正解靜脈注射胰島素與葡萄糖
- DInitiate seizure precautions實施防癲癇 precautions
血鉀 6.5 mEq/L 已達高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）的危險範圍，可能引發致命性心律不整。立即措施是透過靜脈注射胰島素和葡萄糖，將鉀離子暫時轉移回細胞內，以降低血鉀濃度並保護心臟。Kayexalate 作用較慢；癲癇預防是預防措施；血液透析為較後續的處理方式。
A serum potassium of 6.5 mEq/L is within the dangerous hyperkalemic range and can trigger lethal arrhythmias. The immediate measure is to administer IV insulin with glucose to temporarily shift potassium back into the cells, lowering serum potassium and protecting the heart. Kayexalate has a slower onset; seizure precautions are a preventive measure; hemodialysis is a later treatment option.
美國在高血鉀急症處理上，通常會立即準備 IV Insulin/Dextrose 及 Calcium gluconate；台灣亦同，但急救準備的即時性可能因地區醫院而異。