— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位禁食準備手術的病人，哪項任務應指派給 LPN/LVN？
A nurse is caring for a client who is NPO for surgery. Which of the following tasks should be assigned to an LPN/LVN?
- AAssessing the client's readiness for surgery評估病人是否已做好手術準備
- BReinforcing the preoperative teaching provided by the RN✓ 正解強化RN先前提供的術前衛教
- CFormulating the nursing care plan for the preoperative period制定術期的護理計畫
- DAdministering oral medications as ordered依醫囑給予口服藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
LPN/LVN（執業護士/職業護士）在美國的照護範圍介於 RN 與 AP 之間。RN 負責護理過程（Nursing Process）中的評估（Assessment）、診斷（Diagnosis）、計畫（Planning）與評值（Evaluation）。LPN 可執行「加強（Reinforce）」已由 RN 執行過的教學，但不能執行首次教學或複雜的評估。
In the United States, the LPN/LVN's scope of practice lies between that of the RN and the AP. The RN is responsible for assessment, diagnosis, planning, and evaluation within the nursing process. The LPN may reinforce teaching previously provided by the RN, but cannot perform initial teaching or complex assessment.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國各州對 LPN 的授權範圍（Scope of Practice）差異極大。在 NCLEX 題目中，LPN 永遠不能執行「首次評估」或「首次衛教」。這與台灣護理師與護士的職責劃分概念不同，考試時務必謹記 LPN 只能進行「執行與加強」而非「初始與判斷」。